Boiler



Patented Oct. 12, 1948 UNITE D .S TAT E S ATENT O F F 'l-CE BOILERMichael C. Crotty, Flushing, N. Y.

Application November 29, 1946, Serial No. 712,847

7 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to boilers adapted to water heating andsteam generation. While the invention is applicable to any boiler ofthis type, it is especially efiicient in boilers of the Scotch marinetype in that it is capable of producing hot water and steam with greaterrapidity than is ordinarily the case even with this type of boiler.

As is well known, Scotch boilers are so con structed that the water ofthe boiler surrounds the combustion chambcr of the furnace and thus hasthe advantage of contact of the water all around the directly heatedsurface of the combustion chamber. A constant steam pressure can thus bereliably secured and maintained rendering such boilerparticularlydesirable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler of theScotch type that will develop a steam head with greater rapidity thanhas heretofore been possible.

It is a furtherobject to adapt this type of boiler for use in homes andfor industrial pur poses where a quick supply of steam is of particu laradvantage.

It is a still further object to provide means for utilizing the gases ofcombustionfor secondarily heating or sup-erheating the water or steamafter they have left the combustion chamber.

Briefly described, the boiler consists-oi a horizontal cylindricalfirebox with the walls of the cylinder preferably corrugated to givegreater heating surfaces. The fuel is referably fuel oil or gas suppliedby burners of known type dischargin into the fire box or combustionchamher. A shell surrounds the'lfire box leaving a narrow space betweenthe fire box wall and the shell into which water flows from the mainboiler supply through holes at the bottom or under side of the shell.Pipes or risers at the top of the shell permit the water that has beenheated within the shell to rise to the top of .the boiler, thus drawingadditional water into the shell through the holes at the bottom. Aconstant circulation is thus established and maintained. Mean arefurther provided for conductin the hot gases of combustion from the firebox back and forth through ilues passing through the boiler water insuch a manner that the risers conveying the hot water from the shell tothe top of the boiler are also further subjected tothe heating actionthereof by reason of the fact that these risers pass transversely of theTimes and act as'an interference to delay the passage oi-the gases ofcombustion.

in the drawings,

Fig. '1 is a sectional elevation of one form or" the boiler taken alongthe line l-i of :Fig, 2; Fig.2 is a sectional elevation of the sameboiler alongthe'line ofFig. '1.

The invention :will be more clearly understood by reference to thedrawings which represent a form of the device adapted foruse in -'abuilding and in which I indicates the fire boxer combustion chamberwhich, as seen from Fig. 2, is of a horizontal cylinder form, withcorrugated sides.

Referring now to Fig. '1, a shell 2 surrounds the fire box l. In thebottom or underside of the shell is an opening 3 through which waterfrom the boiler 1 may enter the space 5 between the fire her; I! and theshell 2. Water is fed to the boiler through ii-l e intake 4 (Fig 2).burner 5, represented in the drawings (Fig. 2) as an oil burner,supplies heat to the fire box I. Risers, two of which areindicated'bythenumeralsl andil in Fig. '1 and more't'han two bycorresponding'numbers in Fig. 2, lead from the top of the shell to theupper part of the boiler 4, passing through the fines 8, ill and l i. Influe 9 there is alsolocated cross pipes i 2 through which water from themain boil-ersupply may pass, rising as it becomes :heated; andsimilarly, in flue 'l-Ei similar pipes '53 function in the same manner.These risers, of which there maybe more than shown in the drawings,depending on the size of the installation, and the short crosspipes-indicated by numerals t2 and 13, which may alsobe more numerousthan shown, permit an increase of rapidity of circulation within theboiler and, atthe'same time act as baflies to the 'fiow of the hot gasesof combustion, -thereby obtaining a maximum heat therefrom before theypass tothe stack or chimney.

The hot gases of combustion escape from the fire box'i into-the reversinchamber t4 and pass upward and through the flues :9 and II) to the smokebox it which is bolted on to the boiler l by the bolt and :wing nut it.The gases are thus again reversed .and flow upwards and through line it.These hot gases thus pass over the risers it and *5 in fiues '9 and lit]and once again into the fiue H over the same risers, and then passthrough the outlet if? of the flue ll tothe stack or chimney. :Ifdesired, pipes 42 connected into the water lines of the house maybepositioned in :the upper part .of the boiler and water ior'householdpurposes may be "thus heated. The stcamzatthe top of-the boiler maybedrawn off through the outlet is to the radiators or other apparatus.

Ehe operationof :the boiler :is :such that with 3 the main water supplywithin the boiler in contact with the heated surfaces of the fire box 1within the shell 2, with the reversing chamber [4 and with the fiues 9,Ill and il, a very general heating of the main supply of Water isefiected, and furthermore the small supply of water between the shell 2and the fire box I is rapidly heated and passed through the risers I and8 where it is again subjected to the action of the hot gases within theflues 9, l and H, after which it passes out to the top of the main watersupply and is recirculated for further heating,

It will thus be evident that the hot gases of combustion are delayed intheir passage through flues 9, Hi and H by the interruption eifected bypipes or risers 1, 8, i2 and I3. 'As a result of this delay the gasesremain longer in contact with the heating surfaces and thus give up moreheat to the water passing through the risers and surrounding the fiues.

It will be further understood that the flues may be greater in numberthan the three shown in the drawings, which are for purposes ofillustration only. In fact, the number of flues may be greater or lessdependin on the size of the boiler installation. The fiues, moreover,may be rectangular or circular in cross-section.

In the foregoing description, the invention has been described withparticular reference to a Scotch type of boiler. t is within thecontemplation of the invention, however, that the heating arrangements,including the combustion chamber, the reversing chamber, fines and smokebox, may be used with other types of furnace as, for instance, where acoal-burning open bottom combustion chamber is used. In this latter casethe combustion chamber would not be entirely surrounded by the boilerwater and the shell surrounding the combustion chamber, as shown, mightbe eliminated. The flues, however, would be traversed by short risersthrough which the heated boiler water would flow in the path of the hotcombustion gases and would act to interfere with and bafile the flow ofsuch gases, delaying the passage thereof until maximum heat was taken upby the water within said risers, in the same manner as hereinbeforedescribed and illus trated in the drawings.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A boiler for water heating and steam generation comprising withinsaid boiler a combustion chamber surrounded by a shell spaced a shortdistance therefrom, said shell having openings at the bottom thereof toadmit water from the main boiler supply to the space between saidcombustion chamber and said shell; flues traversing the water in saidboiler and communicating with said combustion chamber and adapted andarranged to conduct hot gases of combustion back and forth through saidboiler; and risers connected with the top of said shell and passingupward through said boiler water and traversing said fiues to the upperpart of said boiler, said risers being 50 positioned within said fluesthat they obstruct and delay the flow of hot gases, thereby conductingwater heated between said shell and said combustion chamber tobe-further heated within said fiues'. r

2. A'boiler for water heating and steam genera tion comprising acombustion chamber entirely surrounded by water in said boiler; a shellsurrounding said combustion chamber and itself surrounded by water insaid boiler, thus forming a small compartment between the walls of saidcombustion chamber and said shell; openings in the bottom of said shellto admit water from said boiler supply to said compartment and risers atthe top of said shell adapted and arranged to conduct water heated insaid compartment to the upper part of said boiler water supply; andfines communicating with said combustion chamber and traversing saidboiler water supply and bein traversed by said risers, whereby said hotgases of combustion are delayed in their flow through said fines andcaused to yield the greater portion of their heat to the water in saidboiler and in said risers before escaping to the stack.

3. A boiler of the Scotch marine type comprising a combustion chamber, ashell spaced from said combustion chamber and completely surrounding thesame, openings at the bottom of said shell to admit boiler water to thespace between said shell and the walls of said combustion chamber, andrisers leading from the top of said shell to the upper part of saidboiler; flues communicating with said combustion chamber, traversingsaid boiler and being traversed by said risers and being adapted andarranged to conduct hot gases of combustion back and forth through saidboiler, thereby providing hot surfaces in contact with the main boilerwater supply and further heating the water in said risers passingthrough said flues, said risers being so positioned in the path of saidflue gases as to delay the flow thereof and to cause them to yieldmaximum heat before escaping to the stack.

4. A Scotch marine type boiler comprising a heating system including acombustion chamber, flues communicating therewith and traversing saidboiler, said flues being adapted and arranged to conduct hot gases fromsaid combustion chamber back and forth through said boiler to a stack; ashell surrounding said combustion chamber and spaced therefrom; a watersupply in said boiler contact with the outside surfaces of said shelland said fiues; means to admit small quantities of boiler water to fillthe space between said shell and the wall of said combustion chamber andriser means at the top of said shell to conduct water heated in saidspace for further heating through said flues and thence to the top ofsaid boiler.

5. A boiler for water heating and steam generation comprising an outerchamber containing water, a combustion chamber horizontally disposedwithin said outer chamber and surrounded by a shell spaced from saidcombustion chamber; means for admitting water from said outer chamber tothe space between said combustion chamber and said shell and pipe meansto conduct hot water and steam from the top of said shell to the upperpart of said water in said outer chamber; and flues associated with saidcombustion chamber and traversing the water in said outer chamber backand forth, said flues being traversed by said pipe means for conductingwater.

6. A boiler for water heating and steam generation comprising a boilerchamber containing water, a combustion chamber, a shell spaced from a nd surrounding s a i d combustion chamber adapted and arranged to admitboiler water to the space between said shell and said combustion ofcombustion are conducted by said flues from said combustion chamber backand forth through said boiler Water and whereby heated boiler Waterfiows through said tubes traversing the path of said hot gases passingthrough said fiues.

7. A boiler for heating water and generating steam comprising acombustion chamber positioned Within a boiler compartment containing awater supply, a shell surrounding said combustion chamber and spacedtherefrom, means for admitting boiler water to the space between saidshell and said combustion chamber, flue means for directin the hot gasesof combustion from said combustion chamber back and forth of said boilerwater above said combustion chamber and tube REFERENCES CITED Thefollowing references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name v Date 2,066,275 Hall Dec. 29, 19362,141,238 Daly Dec. 2'7, 1938

